from Blessed John XXIII's opening address to the Second Vatican Council, Gaudet Mater Ecclesia:
[. . .]
The
greatest concern of the Ecumenical Council is this: that the sacred
deposit of Christian doctrine should be guarded and taught more
efficaciously. That doctrine embraces the whole of man, composed as he
is of body and soul. And, since he is a pilgrim on this earth, it
commands him to tend always toward heaven.
[. . .]
In
order, however, that this doctrine may influence the numerous fields of
human activity, with reference to individuals, to families, and to
social life, it is necessary first of all that the Church should never
depart from the sacred patrimony of truth received from the Fathers. But
at the same time she must ever look to the present, to the new
conditions and new forms of life introduced into the modern world, which
have opened new avenues to the Catholic apostolate.
[. . .]
The
salient point of this Council is not, therefore, a discussion of one
article or another of the fundamental doctrine of the Church which has
repeatedly been taught by the Fathers and by ancient and modern
theologians, and which is presumed to be well known and familiar to all.
For this a Council was not necessary. But from the renewed, serene, and
tranquil adherence to all the teaching of the Church in its entirety and
preciseness, as it still shines forth in the Acts of the Council of
Trent and First Vatican Council, the Christian, Catholic, and apostolic
spirit of the whole world expects a step forward toward a doctrinal
penetration and a formation of consciousness in faithful and perfect
conformity to the authentic doctrine, which, however, should be studied
and expounded through the methods of research and through the literary
forms of modern thought. The substance of the ancient doctrine of the
deposit of faith is one thing, and the way in which it is presented is
another. And it is the latter that must be taken into great
consideration with patience if necessary, everything being measured in
the forms and proportions of a Magisterium which is predominantly
pastoral in character.
[. . .]
The Holy Father's point here is that the apostolic faith does not and cannot change. However, how our faith is presented can and should change so that it might be more effectively preached and taught.
Nowhere in the documents of Vatican Two do the Fathers of the councils radically alter any fundamental Catholic doctrine or dogma.
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I think the Council's teaching on freedom of religion was a significant and positive development of doctrine. One might even call it radical.
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