31st Sunday OT
Fr. Philip Neri Powell OP
St. Albert the Great,
Irving
I
spent most of my early adult years teaching literature to college
students. When it came to teaching them how to read poetry, esp.
modern and contemporary poetry, I usually failed miserably. Eliot,
Stevens, Lowell, and Levertov are acquired tastes, admittedly. But
teaching short stories was always a hit. Plot, characters, action,
dialogue. These the students understood and loved. A good story does
a lot of work. And when read in full, so does the reader. But
when the reader reads a story with a lesson already in mind, or reads
the story in order to prove a point . . .well, then the story is no
longer doing its work. This is why I told my students back in the
day: details matter. Pay attention to the details not just the
broad strokes of the narrative. Case in point, the Story of
Zacchaeus. The broad stroke here is that Jesus invites himself to
stay at the house of a wealthy tax collector, a traitorous sinner.
The finger-wagging moralists in the crowd condemn Jesus for staying
with a sinner. The moral of the story is: Jesus ate with a sinner,
therefore, the sinner's sin is not really a sin and moralists are
horrible people for noting that sin is sin. Not quite. Remember:
details matter. And the missing detail here is that Zacchaeus
repents and does penance.
Not
only does Zacchaeus repent and do penance, he actively, eagerly seeks
the Lord out, going so far as to climb a tree to see him. (More on
that tree later. Details matter.). Jesus sees Zacchaeus in the tree.
What causes the Lord to notice him? The story doesn't say. Zacchaeus
doesn't shout or wave. Luke write, “When
he reached the place, Jesus looked up. . .” Maybe Jesus felt
Zacchaeus' eagerness to see him. Maybe he just spotted a grown man
sitting in a tree and thought, “I need to meet that guy.” But
notice – details
matter
– Jesus calls him by name. Jesus already knows who and what
Zacchaeus is. And calls him down from the tree by
name.
Knowing himself that he's a sinner and knowing now that Jesus knows
he's a sinner, we might expect Zacchaeus to reluctantly climb down
and slink over to Jesus dejectedly. Instead, “[Zacchaeus] came down
quickly and received [Jesus] with joy.” Why is Zacchaeus joyful?
Does he think Jesus is going to affirm him in his sin, giving him a
thumbs-up b/c he steals from his own people? Tell him to keep on
stealing b/c stealing is a legitimate lifestyle choice? No. Zacchaeus
is joyful b/c joy is an effect of love. And Christ is the embodiment
of divine love.
This
is the detail the finger-wagging moralists in the crowd misses. They
are scandalized b/c they see a rabbi polluting himself by visiting
with a sinner. What they don't yet get is that Jesus is no ordinary
rabbi. He cannot be made unclean by associating with sinners. In
fact, he makes the unclean clean again. All he needs is for the
unclean to want to be clean. And Zacchaeus radiates the desire to be
made clean again. His desire to be made clean is so intense that he
pledges to donate half his wealth to the poor and repay any extorted
taxes four-times over! How does Jesus respond to this act of
contrition? Details matter! He says, “Today salvation has come to
this house because this man too is a descendant of Abraham.” IOW,
Z. has shown himself to be a true son of the Covenant through
repentance and sacrifice. Jesus continues, “For the Son of Man has
come to seek and to save what was lost.” Jesus seeks out the lost
and saves those who want to be saved. If no one is lost, then no one
needs to be found. Zacchaeus is lost in his sin; he seeks out the
Lord; the Lord sees a sinner and calls him to himself. Zacchaeus
repents and now he is saved.
Details
matter. So, we need to talk about that tree. This is perhaps the only
gospel story where a plant aids in the salvation of a sinner.
Zacchaeus climbs the sycamore to escape the crushing crowd and watch
Jesus pass by. But this is no ordinary tree. The sycamore is a
species of fig. It has heart-shaped leaves; grows only in rich soil;
and produces fruit year-round. The ancient Egyptians called it the
“Tree of Life” and used its timber for royal coffins. It was a
measure of wealth and prestige. Ancient readers of this gospel story
would know all this, so they would smile and nod knowingly at the
symbolism. Zacchaeus climbs the Tree of Life to seek out the Son of
God. The sycamore points us to the tree in the Garden of Eden; the
building of the ark; the wood of the Cross; and the timber to be used
in the making our own coffins. Zacchaeus wants to live in Christ, to
be redeemed in the Covenant, so he takes refuge in the Tree of Life,
and is found there by his Savior. Details matter. First, he saw
Jesus. Then Jesus saw him and called to him. Then came joy from love,
repentance of sin, and recompense for sin. The details of characters,
setting, etc. might change, but the plot of our salvation story never
changes.
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